The Saint Patricks Battalion (Los San Patricios)

The Saint Patricks Battalion (Los San Patricios) The St. Patricks Battalion-referred to in Spanish as el Batallã ³n de los San Patricios-was a Mexican armed force unit included fundamentally of Irish Catholics who had absconded from the attacking US armed force during the Mexican-American War. The St. Patricks Battalion was a world class mounted guns unit which incurred incredible harm on the Americans during the clashes of Buena Vista and Churubusco. The unit was driven by Irish turncoat John Riley. After the Battle of Churubusco, most individuals from the contingent were murdered or caught: the greater part of those taken prisoner were hanged and most of the others were marked and whipped. After the war, the unit went on for a brief timeframe before being disbanded. The Mexican-American War By 1846, pressures between the USA and Mexico had arrived at a basic point. Mexico was rankled by the American addition of Texas, and the USA had its eye on Mexicos inadequately populated western possessions, for example, California, New Mexico, and Utah. Armed forces were sent to the fringe and it didnt take long for a progression of engagements to flare into a hard and fast war. The Americans attacked, attacking first from the north and later from the east in the wake of catching the port of Veracruz. In September of 1847, the Americans would catch Mexico City, driving Mexico to give up. Irish Catholics in the USA Numerous Irish were moving to America at about a similar time as the war, because of cruel conditions and starvation in Ireland. A huge number of them joined the US armed force in urban communities like New York and Boston, seeking after some compensation and US citizenship. A large portion of them were Catholic. The US armed force (and US society all in all) was around then extremely narrow minded towards both Irish and Catholics. Irish were viewed as sluggish and oblivious, while Catholics were viewed as dolts who were effortlessly occupied by display and driven by a faraway pope. These biases made life extremely hard for Irish in American culture everywhere and especially in the military. In the military, the Irish were viewed as substandard officers and given messy employments. Odds of advancement were for all intents and purposes nil, and toward the start of the war, there was no open door for them to go to Catholic administrations (before the finish of the war, there were two Catholic clerics serving in the military). Rather, they had to go to Protestant administrations during which Catholicism was frequently criticized. Disciplines for infractions, for example, drinking or carelessness of obligation were frequently serious. Conditions were unforgiving for the vast majority of the officers, even the non-Irish, and thousands would abandon throughout the war. Mexican Enticements The possibility of battling for Mexico rather than the USA had a specific fascination for a portion of the men. Mexican commanders educated of the predicament of the Irish troopers and effectively empowered rebellions. The Mexicans offered land and cash for any individual who abandoned and went along with them and sent over fliers admonishing Irish Catholics to go along with them. In Mexico, Irish turncoats were treated as saints and given the open door for advancement denied them in the American armed force. A large number of them felt a more prominent association with Mexico: like Ireland, it was a poor Catholic country. The appeal of the congregation chimes declaring mass probably been extraordinary for these warriors a long way from home. The St. Patricks Battalion A portion of the men, including Riley, surrendered before the genuine assertion of war. These men were immediately coordinated into the Mexican armed force, where they were appointed to the army of outsiders. After the Battle of Resaca de la Palma, they were sorted out into the St. Patricks Battalion. The unit was comprised of basically Irish Catholics, with a reasonable number of German Catholics too, in addition to a bunch of different nationalities, including a few outsiders who had been living in Mexico before war broke out. They made a flag for themselves: a brilliant green standard with an Irish harp, under which was Erin go Bragh and the Mexican ensign with the words Libertad por la Republica Mexicana. On the other side of the flag was a picture of St. Patrick and the words San Patricio. The St. Patricks initially considered activity to be a unit at the Siege of Monterrey. Huge numbers of the deserters had big guns understanding, so they were allocated as a first class big guns unit. At Monterrey, they were positioned in the Citadel, a gigantic fortification obstructing the passage to the city. American General Zachary Taylor admirably sent his powers around the gigantic fortification and assaulted the city from either side. In spite of the fact that the safeguards of the post fired on American soldiers, the fortress was to a great extent superfluous to the resistance of the city. On February 23, 1847, Mexican General Santa Anna, planning to clear out Taylors Army of Occupation, assaulted the dug in Americans at the Battle of Buena Vista south of Saltillo. The San Patricios had a conspicuous influence in the fight. They were positioned on a level where the fundamental Mexican assault occurred. They battled with unique excellence, supporting an infantry advance and emptying gun discharge into the American positions. They were instrumental in catching some American guns: one of only a handful not many bits of uplifting news for the Mexicans in this fight. After Buena Vista, the Americans and Mexicans directed their concentration toward eastern Mexico, where General Winfield Scott had handled his soldiers and taken Veracruz. Scott walked on Mexico City: Mexican General Santa Anna dashed out to meet him. The armed forces met at the Battle of Cerro Gordo. Numerous records have been lost about this fight, yet the San Patricios were likely in one of the forward batteries which were tied up by a diversionary assault while the Americans hovered around to assault the Mexicans from the back: again the Mexican Army had to withdraw. The Battle of Churubusco The Battle of Churubusco was the St. Patricks most noteworthy and last fight. The San Patricios were separated and sent to shield one of the ways to deal with Mexico City: Some were positioned at a cautious works toward one side of a thoroughfare into Mexico City: the others were in a strengthened cloister. At the point when the Americans assaulted on August 20, 1847, the San Patricios battled like evil presences. In the religious community, Mexican fighters multiple times attempted to raise a white banner, and each time the San Patricios tore it down. They possibly gave up when they came up short on ammo. The vast majority of the San Patricios were either executed or caught in this fight: some got away into Mexico City, yet insufficient to frame a strong armed force unit. John Riley was among those caught. Not exactly a month later, Mexico City was taken by the Americans and the war was finished. Preliminaries, Executions, and Aftermath Eighty-five San Patricios were taken prisoner altogether. Seventy-two of them were gone after for departure (apparently, the others had never joined the US armed force and in this manner couldn't abandon). These were partitioned into two gatherings and every one of them were court-martialed: some at Tacubaya on August 23 and the rest at San Angel on August 26. Whenever offered an opportunity to introduce a protection, many picked tipsiness: this was likely a ploy, as it was frequently a fruitful resistance for betrayers. It didnt work this time, be that as it may: the entirety of the men were sentenced. A few of the men were absolved by General Scott for an assortment of reasons, including age (one was 15) and for declining to battle for the Mexicans. Fifty were hanged and one was shot (he had persuaded the officials that he had not really battled for the Mexican armed force). A portion of the men, including Riley, had absconded before the official revelation of war between the two countries: this was, by definition, a significantly less genuine offense and they couldn't be executed for it. These men got lashes and were marked with a D (for coward) on their countenances or hips. Riley was marked twice on the face after the primary brand was inadvertently applied topsy turvy. Sixteen were hanged at San Angel on September 10, 1847. Four more were hanged the next day at Mixcoac. Thirty were held tight September 13 in Mixcoac, inside sight of the fortification of Chapultepec, where the Americans and Mexicans were doing combating for control of the château. Around 9:30 a.m., as the American banner was raised over the stronghold, the detainees were hanged: it was intended to be the exact opposite thing they at any point saw. One of the men hanged that day, Francis OConnor, had the two his legs cut off the day preceding because of his fight wounds. At the point when the specialist told Colonel William Harney, the official in control, Harney said Bring the accursed bastard out! My request was to hang 30 and by God, Ill do it! Those San Patricios who had not been hanged were tossed in dull prisons for the span of the war, after which they were liberated. They re-shaped and existed as a unit of the Mexican armed force for about a year. A significant number of them stayed in Mexico and began families: a bunch of Mexicans today can follow their genealogy to one of the San Patricios. The individuals who remained were compensated by the Mexican government with benefits and the land that had been offered to lure them to abscond. Some came back to Ireland. Most, including Riley, evaporated into Mexican lack of definition. Today, the San Patricios are still somewhat of an intriguing issue between the two countries. To Americans, they were tricksters, miscreants, and turncoats who abandoned out of lethargy and afterward battled out of dread. They were unquestionably despised in their day: in his magnificent book regarding the matter, Michael Hogan calls attention to that out of thousands of betrayers during the war, just the San Patricios were ever rebuffed for it (obviously, they were likewise the main ones to wage war against their previous friends) and that their discipline was very brutal and savage. Mexicans, nonetheless, see them in a tremendously unique light. To Mexicans, the San Patricios were extraordinary legends who absconded in light of the fact that they couldn't remain to see the Americans harassing a littler, more vulnerable Catholic country. They battled not out of dread yet out of a feeling of righte

Sex Issues Essays - Human Sexuality, Sexuality And Religion

Sex Issues Have you known about sex previously? I'm certain you have just in light of the fact that it is a human some portion of life. Sex is normal and there is literally nothing amiss with it at all. You regularly know about sexual intimacy and how proliferation is the purpose of life. Is sex made for more than that? Answer: ABSOLUTELY!!!(in my conclusion) I accept sex is only for hitched individuals who love each other and comprehend what they are doing. The individuals who are hitched for such a duty time everlasting is very along time,well not perpetually, yet long enough beyond words with one another. Marriage is made for the individuals who are not hesitant to submit, not hesitant to make guarantees essentially on the grounds that they are not reluctant to keep them. They are prepared for whatever is managed at them. Sex is made for those prepared for marriage. Pre-marriage sex isn't the response to cherish. Infants experienced childhood in a circumstance where mom and daddy aren't capable enough to deal with their youthful. Sex is wonderful. Why not sit tight for the correct one?

Glorious Revolution vs. Salem Essay Example

Sublime Revolution versus Salem Essay The Glorious Revolution For years the states had viewed themselves as self-dominated. Truth be told, not many of the states had been built up as imperial provinces, the greater part of them were established under legitimacy investors or by gatherings of individuals attempting to get away from abuses. The province of Plymouth had been established by the Pilgrims. The Pilgrims set down their own laws and controlled over their own undertakings, the entirety of this finished with out a sanction favoring it. They followed the Mayflower Compact, the guidelines that they had set previously, they had consented to run similarly and quietly. The standard of the time was that essentially, the ruler would allow a sanction guaranteeing that the free men would have a voice in the enactment influencing them. Numerous settlements would then have chosen agents? rule the issues. Numerous settlements likewise held town gatherings in which the individuals could talk about their own interests. The admini stration of England was diverted by different issues of the nation to manage this until 1660 when King Charles II took the royal position. In any case, even now, the states were left to a great extent undisturbed. It wasnt until around the 1670s that things began change for the homesteaders. The Lords of Trade and Plantation (a gathering committed to the implementation of the commercial framework in the states) attempted to deny the Massachusetts Bay sanction in light of their refusal to follow the framework. In 1685 King James II supplanted King Charles II. One of King James?first goes about as lord was to join New England into 1 settlement called the Dominion of New England. Ruler James was at that point under doubt for being a Catholic and this did nothing to make him famous with the generally Puritan populace in the states. Having all of New England under 1 senator assisted with keeping control. Lord James named Edmund Andros as representative in 1686, a choice the pilgrims dete sted. Representative Andros had authorization to raise and lower burdens a

The Sole Method to Use for Top 5 Essay Topics Revealed

The Sole Method to Use for Top 5 Essay Topics Revealed What You Should Do to Find Out About Top 5 Essay Topics Before You're Left Behind Search engines are offered together with previously written essays. You will soon locate the official data about us. Before starting composing your composition, you will have to learn which subject best fits your requirements. Has a telephone number that can be found on the site. Academic writing isn't simple to define. The IELTS essayAKA IELTS Writing Task 2is the most trustworthy portion of the exam. It is a gift that comes naturally. Studying only will help improve your abilities. Top 5 Essay Topics Secrets Don't be despairing there are a number of approaches to keep up your creativity up. Contribute your suggestions and people are sure to read! On the flip side, it is wise to be flexible, which means you need to be prepared to modify your topic when working on it. For some of them you will require help, while others it's possible to write all on your own. Like the death penalty, the thought of marijuana legality was debated and discussed for ages. In the world today, terrorism is an enormous hot topic. Your article represents a great deal of work and that which you've got from your encounter. Try to remember that it must be solid and striking to capture the eye of your audience from the very start of your paper. It's far better to earn a research in the evening and begin writing in the early hours, with all the material in your hands. If it's so, then you'll be having some challenging time for a student together with being a writer. Approach is now popular absolutely not too correct. Choosing such topics will provide you with a chance to demonstrate your observation abilities. There are numerous essay writing services that think they're the very best, and therefore don't be cheated and check the genuine list of the very best. There are an assortment of decisions to pick from if you have to see precisely available, for example paid-for alongside completely free software on the exact net. The actual folks highly praise our essay help site. You can rely on the very best essay help online. These keywords will be quite useful and important later on. When you sifted through all the materials you found and created a topic you need to write on, you're ready to move further. Bear in mind that overused topics ought to be avoided. The multiple topics might be found, for instance, in the dissertation abstracts international database. Utilizing software may be one of the greatest ways as it makes sure that the work you've done is plagiarism free. After you have placed your purchase and you're paired with one of our expert writers, then you are going to be in a position to message them directly utilizing the on site messaging service. It is possible to also utilize online plagiarism detectors or software with the exact same function. Does not own a contact number or it's not readily available for the frequent access. Understanding Top 5 Essay Topics Number one ought to go without saying your capacity to write. Therefore, examples ought to be utilised to further clarify what the writer is attempting to convey. When it has to do with writing an argumentative essay there's a lot involved. An additional secret is that for us, you aren't average. Each area of the short article has to get a special perform. There are a couple of points, which can help you to recognize a business to keep away from. The very first writers on Earth weren't actually writing they were drawing pictures of the everyday life. If you're thinking that you require a person to compose my essay at this time, you can merely rely on our honest reviews. If you're looking for top essay writing companies, try out the mentioned above. The type of essay you're looking for will be provided to you within the deadline provided to you.

Analysis Of The Bluest Eye By Toni Morrison - 791 Words

â€Å"If only the eyes saw souls instead of bodies, how very different our ideals of beauty would be†. Toni Morrison shows, to the black community and to the world, how white supremacists and false convictions on beauty and self-worth can cause serious mischief if believed and taken to heart. Throughout the book, the character who exemplified the best repercussions of racism through her actions was Pecola Breedlove. A very passive little girl who was lacking self-esteem and parental guidance buys into the sinkhole of societys perception of beauty and race resulting in believing herself to be one of the ugliest girls in the world. In the Bluest Eye, Morrison uses Pecola and the characters in Pecolas life such as China, Poland, and Miss Marie†¦show more content†¦To get to the reasons why individuals would assume a part of mistreating themselves. Bluest Eye shows that families of darker skin tones experience high levels of colorism amongst other black and white people in America. In addition, they demonstrated examples of discrimination among adolescents, grown-ups, and segregation in schools and society. Prejudice depends on standpoint of the individual, resulting in the person being separated into other races causing them to feel they’re inferior to others and that they have power over minorities. Supremacists are people that trust their own particular race and believe they’re the best of all races, because they have the mindset that they’re superior to other races they feel as if they can control them. As it regards to the injustice of black people this is a concern because individuals from every race share similar characteristics of every person. The association of the â€Å"N† word is used very often throughout this chapter. It was often referred to as those African American people who were di rty and loud. In addition, there was a big distinction between ‘colored people’ and the people who were referred to as the â€Å"N† word. 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Essay on Toni Morrisons Sula - Character of Sula as a Rose

The Character of Sula as a Rose nbsp; Authors developed the canon in order to set a standard of literature that most people needed to have read or to have been familiar with. The works included in the canon used words such as beautiful, lovely, fair, and innocent to describe women. The canonical works also used conventional symbols to compare the women to flowers such as the rose and the lily. Thomas Campion depicts the typical description of women in his poem, There is a Garden in Her Face. He describes the women by stating, There is a garden in her face/ Where roses and white lilies grow,/ A heavenly paradise is that place,/ Wherein all pleasant fruits do flow (1044-5). The roses and lilies are used to portray beautiful, frail†¦show more content†¦Unlike all the other women in the story, Sula is tough and does not let others interfere with her. She lives her life by her own rules and standards. The people in the town notice that except for a funny-shaped finger and that evil birthmark, she was free of any norm al signs of vulnerability (115). Again, the rose symbolized Sulas growth and carefree way of life. However, the stemmed rose is more than just a mark that changes shades. First of all, the rose represents a part of the whole that has been cut off from the original bush. Hence, Sula does not fit in with the people from the Bottom, and she knows that she leads a different way of life. Sula explains that the women of the Bottom will die like a stump, [while she will go down] like one of those redwoods (143). Everyone of the Bottom is alike and united in their hatred and fear of Sula. Because Sula is promiscuous and improper by the Bottoms standards, the women of the town believed they were leading better lives because of they did not live like Sula. In reality, however, the women were denying reality and used Sula to get over their guilt. Sula feels she is on a different level entirely her own, and she never competed; she simply helped others to define themselves (95). Society needs her in order to unite against her. Sula cuts herself from the bush of the Bottom because she does not go along with the crowd, represented by the bush. Next, it is ironic that the roseShow MoreRelatedSula Birthmark Analysis1007 Words   |  5 PagesThe Birthmark and Sula: Forced Identity Toni Morrison’s novel Sula, examines a wide range of topics, delving particularly into morality, the black female experience, and friendship. The narrative follows childhood best friends, Nel and Sula, as they navigate life in the Bottom, a black community in Ohio. Although inseparable as children, even undivided after accidentally killing a two-year-old boy, they follow divergent paths as adults. Nel leads a life of conformity; Sula does the opposite. AnRead MoreSula Essay1283 Words   |  6 Pagesemotions. In Toni Morrison’s novel Sula, characters constantly denied their feelings and their actions. Sula Peace, her best friend Nel Wright, and Nel’s mother do not listen to their feelings and hide from their true emotions. Sula Peace is one of the protagonists of the novel. She is born to a very unstable family and is from that moment treated differently in â€Å"the Bottom†, the black section of Medallion, Ohio. From the time that she was very young, right up until her death, Sula denied her trueRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Sula 1631 Words   |  7 Pagespower to express my creative, childhood imaginations and morph into any character for a day. But why can’t I become someone else forever, especially if it would make me happier? For Sula Peace and Nel Wright, in Sula, defining oneself in a pool of racism and varying moral standards is by no means challenging. Through a vivid and consistent emphasis of color and physical appearance, author Toni Morrison effectively outlines Sula and Nel’s attempts to comprehend and create their personal identities separateRead MoreAnalysis Of Flaubert s Madame Bovary, Toni Morrison s Sula Essay1857 Words   |  8 Pagesbe broken if new circumstances occur. A contract can be voided by mutual consent.† In other words, the bond established by the man and the woman is an ongoing unending commitment to each another. In Gustave Flaubert’s â€Å"Madame Bovary,† Toni Morrison’s â€Å"Sula† and Kate Chopin’s two short stories â€Å"The Storm† and â€Å"The Story of an Hour† we see disloyalty, complex love, misery, unfulfillment and importantly, infidelity supposed matrimony. In the story â€Å"Madame Bovary,† Emma’s marriage is dull

Human Rights Law Members of Organization

Question: Describe about the Human Rights Law for Members of Organization. Answer: The African Charter on Human and Peoples Rights, which is called as Banjul Charter, was given approval on 27 June 1981 and it started working from 21 October 1986. It has been accepted by 53 States members of Organization of African Unity (OAU). In order to make a human right system which is regional, the African Charter has followed the Inter-American and the European system. The Charter has many unique features regarding the norms that it acknowledge though there are many characteristics that are similar to other regional charter. The African Charter is unique as it has given more importance on right of the people which shows social traditions of collective and group life of Africa. A single member of any class or group is always inferior to the group and is not considered to be independent. These groups have some rights and the individuals have duties towards the concerned groups. Therefore, the Charter stipulates individuals rights and duties. The Charters preamble speaks about t he removing of Zionism, i.e., political movement of the Jews and Jewish culture that is to be compared with Colonialism which means the policy of making control over one country by a superior country in order to make it a colony, which has been faced by Africa in the past[1]. Analysing the position of the African Commission on Human and Peoples Rights: A Commission has been established by the Charter to encourage right of the people and look after their protection in Africa. The said Commission shall be consisting of eleven members who are selected from the people of the highest authority in Africa and special consideration is given to persons having legal knowledge[2]. If any party to the Charter has some good cause and facts to believe that any other Party have derogated the provisions mentioned in the Charter, it may notify the fact to that State in writing. This communication should be also notified to the Chairman of the Commission and also to the Secretary-General of OAU. The concerned State to which the communication has been made has to provide written explanation to elucidate the matter in question. The explanation should include all the possible and relevant information which is related to the rules and laws that are applicable and the remedy provided. If the issue is not settled with full satisfaction between the two parties within three months from the date when the communication was received by the answering State, the either state has the right to report the concerned matter to the Commission through its Chairman and will provide notice to the other State[3]. If any Party to the Charter have the opinion that any other Party has insulted the provisions, the matter can be referred to the Commission directly by making the notification to the Chairman, to the Secretary-General of the OAU and the concerned State. The matter is solved by the Commission when all the remedies that can be provided by the party itself have been used. At the time of considering the matter, the Commission may ask for all relevant information from the State. The concerned State can submit written or oral representation before the Commission. After receiving all the relevant information from the State concerned and from all other sources and after trying to reach to a friendly solution in terms of rights of the people, the Commission within a proper period of time shall make a report which will state the facts and findings. This report is to be sent to the concerned States and also will be notified to the Assembly of Heads of States and Government. Any useful recommend ations can also be made by the Commission while transmitting the report[4]. A list of various communications shall be made by the Secretary of the Commission and is passed to the members to the Commission, who determines which particular communication is to be taken into account. The communication that is taken into account is determined by the decision taken by the majority of the members. A communication is considered if they coexists with the Charter of the OAU, is not depends on the news that are differentiated by the media, should not deal with the cases that are already referred to and settled by the States that are involved according to the provisions of the United Nations Charter or the OAU. Prior to any substantiating consideration, the Chairman of the Commission should pass all the communications to the particular State[5]. After deliberation, if the Commission thinks that a single communication or more than one communications seems to be related to some special situations which disclose the presence of massive derogation of right of the people, shall bring it to the notice of the Assembly of the Heads of State and Government. The Government and Assembly of the Heads of State after getting the notice can ask the Commission to go through a deep study regarding these situations and frame a report based on the facts, including its findings and recommendations. It is to be noted that individuals and inter-State complaints are automatically accepted by the Commission after it is ratified by the African Charter. The measures that are taken are to be kept in confidence till the Assembly of Heads of State and Government thinks fit. The distinction between the limitations and derogations within the human rights discourse: In the African Charter of Human and Peoples Rights, there are certain rights and duties of the individuals that have been mentioned in the Chapter I Part I and Chapter II respectively. Some of the rights mentioned are equality before law, right to receive information, right to have freedom of association and movement, right to property, right to respect for his life, right to education etc. Some of the duties that have been mentioned in the Charter are that every individual has his duties towards the society and his family as well as the State or international communities, an individual has the duty to serve his nation, to promote African unity etc. It is the duty of the State parties to encourage and protect through educating, teaching and publishing the rights and duties to the individuals. It is the duty of the State to look after the freedom of the courts in order to protect the above rights and freedoms[6]. Therefore, the rights and the duties are the limitations of the individuals that have been provided by the Charter with keeping in mind the human psychology and requirement. All the individuals including the State will have to act accordingly. Whereas, the derogation mean the violation or insulting of the provisions mentioned in the Charter which is considered as unlawful unless it has been done reasonably in course of some public emergency. Any individual or the State will have to provide proper reason for the derogation made by them[7]. Bibliography: Achpr. (2016). African Charter on Human and People's Rights. Retrieved November 22, 2016, from achpr.org: www.achpr.org/instruments/achpr Achpr. (2016). African Commission on Human and People's Rights. Retrieved November 22, 2016, from achpr.org: www.achpr.org Ihrda. (2012, October). African Commission on Human and Peoples Rights (ACmHPR). Retrieved November 23, 2016, from Ihrda: https://www.ihrda.org/2012/10/african-commission-on-human-and-peoples-rights-acmhpr/ Ijrcenter. (2012). African human rights system. Retrieved November 23, 2016, from Ijrcenter: https://www.ijrcenter.org/regional/african/ Internationalhumanrightslaw. (2015, September 30). Limitations, exception and derogations. Retrieved November 23, 2016, from Internationalhumanrightslaw: https://internationalhumanrightslaw.net/class/limitations-exceptions-derogations/ Leganet. (2016). Protection of Human Rights in Africa. Retrieved November 22, 2016, from leganet.cd: www.leganet.cd/Doctrine.textes/DroitPublic/DH/ProtectionofHR Opensocietyfoundations. (2013, June). African Commission on Human and Peoples Rights. Retrieved November 23, 2016, from Opensocietyfoundations: https://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/fact-sheets/african-commission-human-and-peoples-rights